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預防跌倒 – NIP-CHINESE SENIORS' PROGRAMS

每年都有许多老人因为跌倒而受伤、致残。伤残,无论对家庭和老年人本身都是痛苦与不幸,同时还可能增加经济负担,每个人都不愿意接受这个现实。因此,日常生活中预防老年人跌倒就非常重要。

老年人跌倒的主要原因及后果

老年人跌倒或是由于个人原因, 或是由于环境原因。一般个人原因主要有: 视力问题, 失去平衡和肌肉无力等。环境原因主要是: 地面湿滑, 障碍物绊倒、缺乏老年人需要的设备支撑或从高处跌落,等等。从全世界来看,跌倒是老年人伤害的头号杀手。跌倒不但会造成脑部受伤、骨折等严重外伤,还会引发 “跌倒恐惧症” ,给老年人带来极大心理创伤。

預防跌倒的12种对策

  1. 经常锻炼。经常锻炼会增强肌肉和骨骼的强度和柔韧性, 减少受伤的可能性。

  2. 合理饮食。一日三餐合理饮食可避免虚弱, 头昏眼花及疲乏。

  3. 做常规身体检查。视力, 听力, 骨骼和肌肉的任何改变都会导致跌到。因此,保持常规体检,监测身体变化。如果老年人跌到一定要去看医生。

  4. 安全地使用药物。一些药物会使人昏昏欲睡或眩晕. 如果有这些症状, 一定要请教医生或药剂师。

  5. 穿防滑鞋。无论在室内还是室外要穿合脚并有防滑鞋底的鞋子。

  6. 正确使用助行器。当需要时,应根据老年人的身高安装手杖或助行器。

  7. 清除障碍物。清除楼梯或过道的障碍物。

  8. 小心小块地毯。避免小块地毯将老年人滑倒或绊倒。

  9. 点夜灯。点夜灯照亮家庭里的走廊, 卫生间和楼梯,避免因看不清而跌到。

  10. 做家庭安全检查。定期检查老年人居住地的安全栏杆扶手、 夜灯、卫生间防滑浴缸垫和扶手等。

  11. 多与朋友交往。研究发现, 那些孤独和不爱交往的老年人更容易跌倒,而且伤势更严重。

  12. 凡事不宜匆忙。匆忙容易跌到,凡事从容。

Categories: 身体健康